Ars Technica reports that a shipment worth more than $22 million was presented as Malaysia-bound, with paperwork naming the supposed buyer’s CEO as “Jackie Lui.”
Greg Lui allegedly used fake-buyer paperwork for a 2024 shipment of 100 servers worth more than $22 million, according to Ars Technica’s October 2 account of the indictment. Each server contained NVIDIA H100 graphics processing units, or GPUs—processors used for AI computing. The shipment was presented as bound for Malaysia, and the paperwork named the supposed buyer’s CEO as “Jackie Lui.” Ars also reports that Lui allegedly bought another person’s identifying documents three years earlier and used that identity in business transactions to further the alleged export-evasion scheme. The publication says the Justice Department accuses Lui of using false paperwork to conceal that server shipments were ultimately destined for China, a destination he allegedly knew about.
Prosecutors allege Greg Lui received more than $176 million from two Malaysian companies that handled onward shipments, The Register reported on October 2. In return, he allegedly connected them with US suppliers of NVIDIA hardware. Citing court documents, the publication reports that the alleged scheme began around October 2023 and continued through at least August 12, 2026. That period describes the alleged scheme as a whole, not the dates of individual shipments.
Federal authorities arrested Greg Lui on October 1, Engadget reported. The Guardian, citing the US Department of Justice, described the case as alleged smuggling of more than $300 million worth of computer servers to China. Engadget described the allegation as involving servers containing $300 million worth of NVIDIA AI chips.
According to The Register’s account of court documents, authorities obtained records tracing 92 servers ordered by Lui’s company, Earthmade Computer, from San Francisco International Airport to Kuala Lumpur. The records named a Chinese customer as the consignee—the listed recipient—for onward shipment from Malaysia to Hong Kong.
According to the Justice Department statement reported by the Guardian, Lui allegedly used his technology company, Earthmade Computer, to buy and ship the equipment. Prosecutors say the company used false paperwork and sent the servers through countries including Malaysia and Singapore, where the initial shipments did not require the licences needed for China. The equipment was then allegedly re-exported to China without the required US Department of Commerce licences.
The servers contained US-made graphics processing units, or GPUs—processors commonly used for AI computing. US export controls restrict China’s access to advanced chips, including NVIDIA hardware, in an effort to slow its progress in cutting-edge AI. The alleged route would bypass those restrictions by sending equipment through other countries first.
The accusations are prosecutors’ allegations, not a finding of guilt. If convicted, Lui could face a maximum of 50 years in prison, the Guardian reported.
Engadget also reported broader concerns from government officials and industry critics about NVIDIA’s checks on customers and shipments. Those critics cited chip deliveries to countries including Thailand and Singapore that they believed exceeded local needs.
Citing Bloomberg, Engadget reported that operators in western China were building dozens of data centres with room for 115,000 restricted NVIDIA processors. Separately, Bloomberg’s sources said US officials believed China had already smuggled at least that many chips. The first figure describes potential capacity; the second is officials’ assessment of smuggling, not a total established in Lui’s case.
A separate, earlier set of allegations involved collaborators at server wholesaler Super Micro. Engadget reported that approximately $2.5 billion worth of AI servers were allegedly sold to Bangkok-based OBON for purported AI infrastructure in Thailand but shipped directly to users in China. The alleged scheme included moving serial-number stickers from genuine NVIDIA products onto dummy servers to deceive compliance officers.
Officials argued that NVIDIA should have noticed OBON lacked the data-centre capacity needed to house its purchases—100 megawatts, a measure of the facilities’ power capacity. NVIDIA disputed that concern. A spokesperson said a startup’s growth plans in a friendly country were an opportunity rather than a warning sign, and that NVIDIA-powered servers could help startups obtain financing and infrastructure, including data-centre space.
NVIDIA says it has complied with the rules. Engadget stated that the company has not been accused of abetting smuggling—a distinction from the allegations against those accused of diverting the servers.
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