Eurostat said on 5 November that EU residents' net direct-investment stocks outside the bloc stood at €9.48 trillion (about $10.61 trillion), down from €9.7 trillion in 2024. The figures measure positions at year-end, not new investment during the year.
EU-resident investors' net foreign direct-investment stocks outside the bloc fell 2.3% to €9.48 trillion (about $10.61 trillion) in 2025, from €9.7 trillion in 2024, according to figures published by Eurostat. The total records the value of their direct-investment positions at the end of the year, rather than the amount newly invested during it.
Direct-investment stocks held inside the EU by non-EU residents also fell, reaching €6.99 trillion (about $7.82 trillion), down 2.8% from €7.19 trillion in 2024. They have declined since a 2022 peak of €7.88 trillion (about $8.82 trillion), the highest level since 2013.
The United States was the largest destination for EU residents' outward stocks and the largest source of stocks held in the EU. The United Kingdom and Switzerland followed in both directions.
| Country | EU stocks held there | Stocks held in the EU |
|---|---|---|
| United States | €2,791 billion (about $3,123,400,000,000); 29.4% | €2,075 billion; 29.7% |
| United Kingdom | €1,877 billion; 19.8% | €1,262 billion; 18.1% |
| Switzerland | €812 billion; 8.6% | €602 billion; 8.6% |
Special-purpose entities accounted for 26.2% of EU outward stocks and 33.3% of inward stocks at the end of 2025. These are legal entities created for specific or temporary purposes; companies can use them to hold assets or finance a project while separating its risks from the wider business.
The average for non-household consumers using 500–2,000 MWh a year fell 2% from the previous half-year and 5.4% from a year earlier, Eurostat said on 4 November.
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Eurostat says the ratio was higher in 2025 than in 2015, as home prices rose relative to household income across the EU.
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Eurostat says the annual average rose 4.3% from 2024, providing a benchmark for full-time-adjusted pay across the bloc.
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